Contact Radiotherapy Offers Rectal Cancer Patients a Chance to Avoid Surgery
Tampere University Hospital in Finland has introduced high-dose-rate brachytherapy for rectal cancer, delivering radiation directly to the tumor through a rectal device. The approach aims to eliminate tumors while sparing nearby healthy tissue, helping some patients avoid major surgery and a permanent stoma. Eligibility is determined by a multidisciplinary team, with frail and older patients among those who may benefit.
Tampere University Hospital is Finland’s first center to provide contact radiotherapy for rectal cancer, using high-dose-rate brachytherapy. A rectal device places an iridium-192 source next to the tumor, allowing a strong local dose while limiting exposure to healthy tissue.
Eligibility is decided by a team spanning colorectal surgery, oncology, radiation oncology, and radiology. Frail or older patients—estimated at over 100 yearly in Finland—may especially benefit. The approach supports organ-preserving care and connects to the NORPPA research program, which studies ways to avoid surgery.
This development may affect rectal cancer patients, particularly older or frail individuals, by offering a nonsurgical option that could reduce the need for major surgery and a permanent stoma. If successful, it may shift some care toward close monitoring and organ preservation, potentially improving quality of life. Its broader impact could depend on patient eligibility, specialist availability, and long-term follow-up.