Japan prepares to launch Phobos sample-return mission on October 19
JAXA is scheduled to launch its Martian Moons eXploration mission on October 19 from Tanegashima Space Center aboard an H3 rocket. The spacecraft is designed to land on Phobos, gather at least 10 grams of material, and return it to Earth for laboratory study. If successful, it would be the first mission to land on a moon other than Earth's and complete a round trip through the Martian system, with support from NASA, ESA, DLR, and CNES.
JAXA plans to send MMX toward Mars on an H3 rocket from Tanegashima on October 19. The mission aims to place a lander on Phobos, collect at least 10 grams, and bring the material to Earth. NASA, ESA, DLR, and CNES are contributing partners.
After arriving in Mars orbit in August 2027 and Phobos orbit in September 2027, the craft will study both moons for about 18 months. The 25-kg rover Idefix is to be deployed in early 2029 to examine surface composition and texture before the main spacecraft touches down.
If successful, MMX could expand scientific understanding of Martian moons and solar system evolution, benefiting researchers and space agencies. It may also strengthen international collaboration and inspire public interest in planetary science. The returned samples could inform future planetary research, though outcomes depend on launch success and sample quality.